Pharmacology Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pharmacology - Case Study Example A study by Peng et al. (2004) on Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Imatinib in a Phase I Trial with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients, found confirmed the findings of Reckmann et al. (2002) that the drug is absorbed immediately it is administered orally. Further, when they compared imatinib with AUC0-24 hours at steady-state and on day 1, there was a 1.5- to 3-fold drug accumulation after the dose is repeated once a day. Killock (2014) has found that after administration of 350 mg of imatinib at a normal state, the mean plasma trough concentration records at 570 ng/mL and above (about 1 _mol/L). This plasma concentration is more than the 50% inhibitory concentration that successfully inhibits proliferation of BCR-Abl–positive leukemic cells gotten from CML patients (Mitzuta et al. 2013). With imatinib, the relationship between the white blood cells reduction and PK parameters at normal circumstances indicate that the initial imatinib’s hematologic response depend s highly on the dose administered to the CML patient and in this case, a dose higher than 400mg is needed in order to have an optimum effect on white blood cells reduction (Al Ali et al. 2002). From the above information, it is clear that the action of imatinib is therefore different and advanced as compared to the older therapies whose pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics are different and present chances of many side effects that in most cases lead to discontinuation of medication therapy.

Hobsons Choice Essay Example for Free

Hobsons Choice Essay Again in this Act we see Willies potential when Maggie goes round to Hobsons to collect some old broken chairs she tells Vicky and Alice, Wills handy with his fingers. Hell put in this afternoon mending them. This shows that Willie has the ability do other things apart from just making boots, so this shows he is not just a simple boot maker that we think he is. He has the capability to use his hands to mend near enough anything. One of the main points of this act is the fact that Willie now accepts the marriage freely and he is not just marrying Maggie because he is scared of her, like he was at first. We know this as he says, Yes Maggie, Im resigned! Youre growing on me lass, and Ill toe the line with you! This is the second time in the play we see Willie make a decision for himself, but this decision is important as the rest of his life depends on this decision. This proves that Willie is a slightly stronger character but the marriage is still just a business proposition. Despite the fact that Willie is now able to make decisions for himself he is still a rather humble character as Vicky asks Willie if he has got the rings and Maggie replies, I have. Do you think I trust him to remember? This shows us Maggie still takes charge of everything and does not trust Willie to do anything. Act Three is set later the same day after the couple have got married and everybody is at Maggie and Willies for the after wedding party, apart from Hobson. Willie decided to make a speech this shows how much his reading has improved, although he is still in Maggies shadow as when Willie is making the speech Maggie has to correct him, generous she says when he forgets the word he is looking for. Also when he makes the speech Maggies family notices his development, as when Albert wants to make a speech Alice says, But youll not speak as well as he did. This just shows that Willie must have progressed if Alice has noticed, as they do not think that he is good enough to be in their family. After the speech Hobson comes round to their home to ask for Maggies advice, and with some help from Maggie, Willie is able to take control of the situation with Hobson. Willie puts Hobson in his place when he speaks the truth and tells him what he really thinks of him as he says, Im sorry if my well meant words dont suit your taste, but I thought you came here for advice But despite this Hobson still does not see why Maggie has chosen Willie for a husband, as he cannot see that Willie has changed and has much more strength in his character. After Willie offends Hobson, Hobson then goes on to offend Willie by saying, I didnt come to you, you jumped up cocka-hooping.. Again we see Willie as a weak character when Maggie has to step in and intervene, to defend her husband, Thatull do father. My husbands trying to help you. Again we see that he is still in Maggies shadow as she asks him to wash up, Willie, well need this table, when theyre gone. Youd better be clearing the pots away This shows he still does not stand up to Maggie all the time and he is still scared of her. This scene is also full of humour when Willie shows one of his remaining weaknesses the fact that he is still a virgin and he does not want to go to bed with Maggie so he does not want their guests to go home and even Freddie notices this and says, Hes afraid to be alone with her, This is important because in the end Maggie drags him to bed and in Victorian society woman were not supposed to enjoy a sexual relationship but still the roles in this absurd relationship are reversed, which is extremely humorous. However, this is the last time we see Willie as a ridiculous figure. Act Four is set a year later so in this act the audience do expect a dramatic change in Willie, and that is what they get. Before Willie even enters the act we see that he has built up a successful business, a business that is ruining Hobsons. We know this as Tubby says to Hobson, In Chapel Street they say its Willie Mossop This just shows that Willie has developed in leaps and bounds since the last time we saw him. In this act we find out that Hobson is a chronic alcoholic and that he is feeling melancholic and suicidal. The doctor tells Hobson he must refrain from drinking and asks Maggie to come back home and look after him. Maggie comes back but she says that she will have to have Willies permission. Hobson finds this hilarious because he does not know how much Willie has changed, so Maggie simply replies, maybe Willie has changed since the last time you saw him Willie arrives at Hobsons and he goes straight to look over the stock. Alice and Vicky question what he is doing and Willie replies, If Im to come into a thing I like to know what Im coming into This shows that Willie has become a changed man as he is definitely more confident and stronger than he was in the previous three acts, we know this because Alices reaction is, Thats never Willie Mossop Later in the Act Willie says to Maggie about moving back to Hobsons, If we come here we come on my terms This shows that Willie is now the dominant one of the couple and that he is not afraid of Maggie, this is a complete role reversal as before it was Maggie who told Willie what to do. To make sure that Maggie comes home to look after Hobson he decides to set terms by offering to pay Willies old wages and allowing Maggie to live in his house rent-free. Willie is not fooled and simply says, Come home Maggie, because why would he want to get paid his old wages when he has a successful business in Oldfield Road? Later Willie sets down his own terms to Hobson. His terms were that they would only move back if Willie owns half of Hobsons shop and Hobson is a silent partner. He even says he cannot refuse because Willie owns a business that is starving Hobsons to death, as Willie says, Me thats the owner of a business thats starving yours to death Willie even stands up to Maggie because Willie wants the sign above the shop door to read, Mossop and Hobson but Maggie disagrees. So Willie says, Its Mossop and Hobson or its Oldfield Road for us, Maggie! Eventually Maggie gives in, just proving that now she is the weaker character and Willie is the stronger, more dominant one, and in Victorian England it was thought that that was how it should be.

The Impact of the Computer on Writing :: Teaching Writing Education Essays

The Impact of the Computer on Writing In 1999 my family purchased their very first computer. A few days after, we were connected to the World Wide Web. All of my friends had been online for years prior so it was a big deal to finally have it. Since then, the way that I communicate has changed drastically. Everything from the way that I talk to my friends to the way that I pay my bills is now done online, instead of the traditional way. The internet has offered so much change to society. Some people are still without it, and as I think about it, I wonder how they are surviving. It seems that most everything I do is related to this machine in some way. I e-mail, pay my bills, instant message, buy material items, research, keep an online journal, and I even take classes on the web. Without it I would be a mess. Upon coming into college, I finally had access to high speed internet. By any standards it was awesome. It caused me to increase my use of the World Wide Web dramatically. I could not get enough of it. It was not long at all before AOL instant messenger was the newest addiction of my life. The thought of being able to talk to many people at once and so quickly was amazing. I was able to keep in touch with my friends who had moved across the country without having to pay a long distance bill. Who would complain at all the conveniences that it had to offer. With this program I was also introduced to a new way of writing. Let’s state the fact that people are lazy. When using any sort of instant messaging system there is a way to abbreviate everything. An example of this would be typing ‘ttyl’ instead of typing out ‘talk to you later.’ Another example would be simply putting ‘u’ meaning ‘you.’ There are so many of these shortened ways. These changes in writing also show up in e-mail. People seem to be very inclined to use the abbreviated ways of writing certain words or phrases when writing out e-mails. This is more in informal types of mail. I personally do not mind it to a point, but when it is used extensively it can be annoying and distractive. Also, much of the time, even the most basic of punctuation is forgotten or just not used.

Eulogy by Willy Loman Essay

Dear Father, I stand here before your grave, I came alone. I wish I gave your eulogy in front of others while you died from old age but no one came to your funeral., while reflecting on the past few days that I’ve spent here at home. I have prepared my speech hopping to express the pain I am in. Firstly I am ashamed and disappointed that my own father would do such a thing. Mum told us that you have tried to take your life many times before but it never occurred to us that you would actually succeed to do so. You’re a fool! You were always so delusional, thinking back at the night when I told you that I am not as perfect as you thought I was, no one is. Here I stand, above you in so much grief. You thought it will all get better. We haven’t touched any of the insurance money mum has just left the stack and hid it in order to pay for the house expenses. Despite what you would’ve thought. I don’t want an office job, clearly I am meant for the field so I am returni ng back home. The reality is father you never really understood, did you? Looking back on your ideals that you’ve taught us success is not achieved by being liked. Playing football, encouraging us to lose weight†¦ Where you kidding with us? Honestly if you only put a bit of effort to actually trying to be a better salesman, maybe things would’ve turned out differently. You were never confidence, determination, hard work, pride†¦ qualities which should’ve come with your job description. Obviously you weren’t the person started with the clothes on his back and ended up with diamond mines. You told us that we didn’t need to work hard, in fact I clearly remember you telling Ben that its â€Å"It’s who you know and the smile on your face and contacts† with others that are important in life. Guess what, father? The insurance money can only pay for so little. You’re a fool. Why did this matter to you so much. You were caught up so much in your ideas about success and wealth that you ignored all the other things in life like our happiness, our family. By what you did you only made us more disappointed. I hate you for what you did, you as a father were meant to guide us to the right path, support us through our troubles, you failed father even when you think you haven’t as you lie under this piece of dirt thinking that you won back your pride by providing us fanantical support, you still have not  succeeded. But still rest in peace; this will be my last and only goodbye. I will never come back here again as I go off to another place where I could go. One thing for sure though, I will not let you down, I will work hard at my job with sweat, endless determination and finally without using the insurance money which is stained.

International accounting standard IAS Essay

We say Impairment has taken place when an asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. Carrying amount is the amount at which an asset is recognized in the balance sheet after deducting accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss. And recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell (sometimes called net selling price) & its value in use. Also the fair value is the amount obtainable from the sale of an asset in a bargained trasction between knowledgeable; willing party’s . on the other hand value in use is the discounted present of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Impairment of goodwill involves two steps: 1) Screening step 2) Computation step Impairment is calculated at a reporting unit level. Impairment is calculated when the carrying Amount of the goodwill for a reporting unit exceeds its implied fair value. A reporting unit is an operating segment, or one level below an operating segment. The Goodwill for one reporting unit may be impaired, while the goodwill for other reporting units may or may not be impaired Calculation of goodwill for impairment involves two major steps: Step 1: Identify impairment by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill. Assign assets acquired and liabilities assumed to the various reporting units. Assign goodwill to the reporting units. Determine the fair values of the reporting units and of the assets and liabilities of those reporting units. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, there is potential goodwill impairment. The impairment is assumed to be due to the reporting unit’ goodwill since any impairment in the other assets of the reporting unit will already have been determined and adjusted for.. If the fair value of a reporting unit is more than its carrying amount, there is no impairment goodwill and Step 2 can be avoided. But where the result is vice versa step two can not be avoided a since goodwill impairment as taken place. Step 2: measuring the value for both tangible and intangible assets (impairment of goodwill) Step 2 is more complex than step1 because it requires that the fair market values of each of the identified tangible and intangible assets and liabilities of a reporting unit be estimated first before calculation takes place Value of Reporting Unit = Value of Identified Assets + Value of Goodwill = (Value of Reporting Unit- Value of Liabilities) = (Value of Identified Assets-Value of Liabilities) + Value of Goodwill = Fair Market Value of Equity = Fair Market Value of Net Assets + Fair Market Value of Implied Goodwill Summary and Conclusions Financial Accounting Standard 142 requires that goodwill emerging from acquisitions be tested to determine whether it has impaired or not because FAS 142 requires firms to effectively undertake a market test to see if Goodwill has been impaired. This test is completed in two steps as mentioned above. Reference: 1. International accounting standard IAS 36 2. Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 142.